--2 queries with the union operation; use UNION [ALL] and OR;

-- 1. Find the names of all the cards that are either gold or have a power of 8 or greater.
SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE color = 'gold'
UNION
SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE power >= 8;

-- 2. Find the names of all the cards that are either bronze or have a power of 7 or less.

SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE color = 'bronze' OR power <= 7;

--2 queries with the intersection operation; use INTERSECT and IN;

-- 1. Find the names of all the cards that are both gold and are unit cards.
SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE color = 'gold'
INTERSECT
SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE type = 'unit';

-- 2. Find the names of all the cards that are both bronze and are special cards.
SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE color = 'bronze' and name IN 
(SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE type = 'special');

--2 queries with the difference operation; use EXCEPT and NOT IN;

-- 1. Find the names of all the cards that are not used in any deck.

SELECT name
FROM Cards
EXCEPT
SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE name IN
(SELECT name
FROM CardsOwnership);

-- 2. Find the names of all cosmetics not owned by lerio2

SELECT name
FROM Cosmetics
WHERE hmy NOT IN 
(SELECT hCosmetic
FROM CosmeticsOwnership
WHERE hPlayer = (SELECT hmy FROM Players WHERE name = 'lerio2'));

-- 4 queries with INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN (one query per operator); one query will join at least 3 tables, while another one will join at least two many-to-many relationships;

-- 1. Find all player and their decks.

SELECT p.name, d.name
FROM Decks d
RIGHT JOIN Players p ON p.hmy = d.owner;


-- 2. Find the names of each player, faction they played with and the result of the match.

SELECT p.name as Player1, f.name as Faction1,  m.result, p2.name as Player2, f2.name as Faction2
FROM Matches m
INNER JOIN Players p ON m.hPlayer1 = p.hmy
INNER JOIN Factions f ON m.hPlayer1Faction = f.hmy
INNER JOIN Players p2 ON m.hPlayer2 = p2.hmy
INNER JOIN Factions f2 ON m.hPlayer2Faction = f2.hmy;

-- 3. Find the names of all cards and the decks they are used in.

SELECT c.name, d.name
FROM Cards c
LEFT JOIN DecksCards dc ON c.hmy = dc.hCard
LEFT JOIN Decks d ON dc.hDeck = d.hmy;

-- 4. Find the relationship between players and their cosmetics.

SELECT p.name, c.name
FROM Players p
FULL JOIN CosmeticsOwnership co ON p.hmy = co.hPlayer
FULL JOIN Cosmetics c ON co.hCosmetic = c.hmy;

-- 2 queries with the IN operator and a subquery in the WHERE clause; in at least one case, the subquery must include a subquery in its own WHERE clause;

-- 1. Find the names of all the cards that are used in any deck.

SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE hmy IN
(SELECT hCard
FROM DecksCards);

-- 2. Find the names of all the cards that are used in any deck owned by Sif_Great_Wolf.

SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE hmy IN
(SELECT hCard
FROM DecksCards
WHERE hDeck IN
(SELECT hmy
FROM Decks
WHERE owner = (SELECT hmy FROM Players WHERE name = 'Sif_Great_Wolf')));

-- 2 queries with the EXISTS operator and a subquery in the WHERE clause;

-- 1. Find the names of all the players that have at least one deck.

SELECT p.name
FROM Players p
WHERE EXISTS
(SELECT d.hmy
FROM Decks d
WHERE d.owner = p.hmy);

-- 2. Find all the players that have started the journey

SELECT p.name
FROM Players p
WHERE EXISTS
(SELECT j.hPlayer
FROM JourneyProgress j
WHERE j.hPlayer = p.hmy)


-- 2 queries with a subquery in the FROM clause;

-- 1. Find the decks of all pro players

SELECT DISTINCT d.name 
FROM (
SELECT *
FROM  Players
WHERE rank = 0
) as proPlayers
INNER JOIN Decks d on d.owner = proPlayers.hmy


-- 2. Find the decks of all active players

SELECT DISTINCT d.name 
FROM (
SELECT *
FROM  Players
WHERE  totalMatches <> 0
) as activePlayers
INNER JOIN Decks d on d.owner = activePlayers.hmy

-- 4 queries with the GROUP BY clause, 3 of which also contain the HAVING clause; 2 of the latter will also have a subquery in the HAVING clause; use the aggregation operators: COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN, MAX;

-- 1. Calculate the total number of unit cards

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM Cards
GROUP BY type
HAVING type = 'unit';

-- 2. Calculate the average number of cards in a deck

SELECT AVG(cardCount)
FROM (
SELECT COUNT(*) as cardCount
FROM DecksCards
GROUP BY hDeck
) as cardCounts;

-- 3. Calculate the average cost of special cards

SELECT AVG(cost)
FROM Cards
GROUP BY type
HAVING type = 'special';

-- 4. Calculate the minimum power of a unit card

SELECT MIN(power)
FROM Cards
GROUP BY type
HAVING type = 'unit';

--  4 queries using ANY and ALL to introduce a subquery in the WHERE clause (2 queries per operator); rewrite 2 of them with aggregation operators, and the other 2 with IN / [NOT] IN.

-- 1. Find the names of all the cards that are used in any deck.

SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE hmy IN
(SELECT hCard
FROM DecksCards);


SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE hmy = ANY
(SELECT hCard
FROM DecksCards);

-- 2. Find the cards that have the minimum cost

SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE cost <= ALL(SELECT cost FROM Cards);

SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE cost <= (SELECT MIN(cost) FROM Cards);

-- 3. Find the names of all the cards that are used in any deck owned by Sif_Great_Wolf.

SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE hmy IN
(SELECT hCard
FROM DecksCards
WHERE hDeck IN
(SELECT hmy
FROM Decks
WHERE owner = (SELECT hmy FROM Players WHERE name = 'Sif_Great_Wolf')));

SELECT name
FROM Cards
WHERE hmy = ANY
(SELECT hCard
FROM DecksCards
WHERE hDeck = ANY
(SELECT hmy
FROM Decks
WHERE owner = (SELECT hmy FROM Players WHERE name = 'Sif_Great_Wolf')));

-- 4. Find the player that has the biggest level in the Ciri journey

SELECT name
FROM Players
WHERE hmy >= ALL(
SELECT hPlayer
FROM JourneyProgress
WHERE hJourney = 1);

SELECT name
FROM Players
WHERE hmy >= (SELECT MAX(hPlayer) FROM JourneyProgress WHERE hJourney = 1);